Monday, December 29, 2025

Secondary SMPS testing

I ended up ordering a batch of five DC-to-DC converter boards from JLCPCB. They take 9-36V in and gives +/-12V out, at 833mA per rail max. The voice cards draw 500mA per rail so that's about perfect.

 

To test everything, I found a 19V 2.4A power adapter from an old laptop. It measures 19.8V out which is fine. 

 

To keep the output within range of my Logic2, I used a resistor voltage divider with 100k on top and 200k on bottom, which should give us 8V out.

The DC-to-DC converter has no trimming option, so we're stuck with whatever it outputs. My multimeter says 12.05 and 11.98V, which I think is good enough for Rock'n Roll. 

I tried measuring the output, and while it's hard to know everything that affects the signal, here is my initial findings:

The output fluctuates between 7.797 and 7.807V, or 10mV. (or two steps on the Logic 2. The real fluctuation may be a bit higher).

 


 

It looks like the noise has a period of around 8uS, which means about 125kHz. Again, it's hard to tell if this is real and if it is caused by the converter itself, but this is what I got.

10 cycles take 81uSlog

 

I don't think I have any way of measuring ripple more closely than this, so next up is seeing if this is audible. 

Sunday, December 28, 2025

Dell adapters - are they useable?

I found several Dell laptop chargers on Finn ("Craigslist"), rated at 180W and 240W, 19.5V. 

I have no idea if they're any good when it comes to switching noise, but I've bought a 180W one for testing.

The adapters have a 7.4mm/5.0mm barrel connector, with an inner pin of < 1.0mm. I've found a 7.5mm/5.0mm connector from JLCPCB rated at 15A/30V, which should be ok even for 240W:

https://jlcpcb.com/partdetail/XUNPU-DC_505ACL060/C30607513

Also, I've found second hand wire harnesses from Dell laptops, that converts the barrel into 6 x 19.5V, 6 x GND and a single wire for signaling. It is hard to figure out what the ratings of these are. I've tried searching for the ones used in the top-end laptops, the ones most likely to use the 240W PSU. So far I've landed on the "0J60G1 / J60G1 / DC301015A00", which is used in some of the Dell Alienware PCs. 

I've ordered a cheap version off Ali Express, along with a 7.4mm/5.0m PCB connector and a 7.4 to 4.5mm converter with 20AWG wires inside - these are too thin for my fully spec'ed synth, but will let me cut the wire to get access to the wires, letting me measure ripple etc. 

I may also end up cutting the plug of the 180W charger if I get impatient, it was only about $15 on Finn. 

As for the center signaling pin, this is quite interesting - it lets me read the type of charger plugged in - I could for example check if the wattage rating is high enough for the synth. Not a big deal but a nice addition if I want to do proper power management - after all, I think I have full control of powering up the secondary SMPS'es - if the PSU is too weak I can leave the voice card unpowered.

So - Dell adapters, are they usable for what I want to do? Time will tell...
 

Making the circuit tolerate switching noise

This is a big one. Even the secondary SMPS'es will have some switching noise, perhaps as much as 80mV. 80mV on the VCO pitch CV will be a disaster. 

Let's assume for a second that the ground rail will stay somewhat clean and the noise is only present on the 12V/-12V power rails (not sure if this is true though).

As far as I understand, most op amps will not care much about this noise, they go about their business regardless, so I will have to look at other places the supply voltages are used. One place immediately springs to mind - the base voltage for the 1V/oct input on the VCO. This is connected via a resistor to the power rail. I may be able to get around this by using a voltage reference instead.

Most other stuff in the circuit is hopefully more resilient to noise, as the noise will mostly affect the amplitude of the signal. We will probably have the same issue around filter frequency and resonance controls. 

In short, I have to go through the voice card and modules to look at where the power rails are used directly. 

I suspected this would come back to bite me - I've read several times that one should not use the power rails as reference voltages, but it's so darn convenient, they're already there. Oh well, you live, you learn... 

Sunday, December 14, 2025

It needs more power!

Each voice card draws approximately 500mA from +12V and another 500mA from -12V.

My current Doepfer PSU supplies 1200mA per rail, so I can drive two cards from that.

Also, I see that the rails sag a bit, to 11.6V when fully loaded. That may be trimmed but who knows.

 

Anyway, time to start looking for other solutions. Here are some quick google results:

DIY High Power Supply

https://aisynthesis.com/eurorack-high-power-supply-build-guide/ 

dual 2.5A 12V and single 2.5A -12V. Uses an off-the-shelf regulator module, URB2412LD-30WR3 from Hi-Link: https://www.hlktech.net/index.php?id=165, which is able to step down up to 24W to 12V. It's powered from a 19.5V 6.92Amp PSU

 

 

100W and 70W PSUs with some of the same style but with additional circuitry

https://konstantlab.audio/shop/hammerpwr-100w-eurorack-modular-power-supply/ 

https://konstantlab.audio/shop/seventypwr-70w-eurorack-modular-power-supply/ 

 

Another 5A variant:

https://www.exploding-shed.com/befaco-trolley-bus/100453

The issue with all these are that they don't give me 5A on the -12V rail.

 

A nifty breadboard version:

https://www.exploding-shed.com/clacktronics-proto-psu/100597

 

Another breadboard version that looks like it can be used for my dual ground standard (outer power rails are +/-12V, inner are ground)

https://www.exploding-shed.com/transient-modules-breadboard-supply/100407

 

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I consider using separate regulators near every voice card.  

Perhaps an URA2412LD-20WR3 can be used, it's supposedly +/-12V, +/-833mA, which is plenty for each channel.

There is also a similar URB24_YMD-20WR3 which has half the footprint. I can't see what else is different.

 

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DIY:

https://nozoid.com/diy-eurorack-power-supply/

https://sdiy.info/wiki/Comparison_of_Eurorack_DIY_PSUs 

https://metatronicmods.weebly.com/store/p3/PSU-linear-old.html

https://www.my-adaptor.com/a135a022p-rev03-m-84108.html - adapter